1. What is Photovoltaic Storage Charging (also known as Photovoltaic Storage Charging Integrated System):Photovoltaic Storage Charging system is an energy system that integrates photovoltaic power generation, energy storage and charging facilities. It usually includes solar photovoltaic panels, energy storage batteries (such as lithium-ion batteries) and charging equipment. This system can generate electricity through photovoltaic panels when there is sufficient sunlight, and store excess electricity in batteries for use at night or on cloudy days. At the same time, the system can also provide charging services for devices such as electric vehicles.2. What are the application scenarios of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system?1. New energy vehicle charging station: In the new energy vehicle charging station, the Photovoltaic Storage Charging Integrated System can use the electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation to charge electric vehicles. This model can not only improve the self-sufficiency of the charging station, but also relieve the pressure on the power grid, especially during peak power consumption.2. Highway service area: Highway service areas usually cover a large area and have enough space to install photovoltaic panels and energy storage facilities.3. Parking lot: Parking lots in cities, especially large commercial complexes or public parking lots, can be installed with photovoltaic carports, which integrate photovoltaic power generation, energy storage and electric vehicle charging. This model can not only provide sunshade and rain shelter, but also provide green energy charging services for parked electric vehicles.4. Industrial park: Industrial parks usually have a large number of roofs and other idle spaces that can be used to install photovoltaic panels. The Photovoltaic Storage Charging Integrated System can help the park achieve energy self-sufficiency, and also provide charging services for electric vehicles in the park.5. Office area: Photovoltaic panels and energy storage facilities can be installed on the roof or parking lot of office buildings to provide charging services for employees' electric vehicles. In addition, excess electricity can be used to power office areas or sold to the grid.6. Home and commercial areas: For residential areas and commercial buildings, the Photovoltaic Storage Charging Integrated System can provide users with self-sufficient clean energy and reduce dependence on the grid. Home and commercial users can use solar power to generate electricity and store excess electricity through energy storage systems for emergency use.Bosa EnergyBosa Energy with 150GWH capacity and over 400,000 electric bus/utility vehicle application experience we are listing first 5 in China power battery industry. We cooperate with Yutong/Geely/Damiler etc.We are also offering Container ESS systems and delivered 5GWh ESS in 2023. In local market, we are offering OEM service for Changan, CALB, National grid, Ping Gao Electric , Xuji electronics, Ruineng electronics, they are our main Container ESS suppliers in China Market.We are the most professional supplier of marine lithium batteries in China, and our export volume of marine batteries consistently ranks among the top three in China; We are also the top 1 exporter of lithium battery modules in China, specializing in providing various lithium battery module solutions.For excellent quality and performance our products are popular in more than 30 countries in the world. We also have established warehouse in Germany and Netherlands to provide safety stock timely delivery for our customers.l Customized and Flexiblel High Delivery capacityl Wide Applicationsl Rich experience on Lithium battery pack

The power battery system added to electric vehicles is large in size and heavy in weight, so it is difficult to find a perfect installation space on the whole vehicle. In the layout of the battery pack, the following aspects need to be considered:First, more power should be arranged in a limited space as much as possible, so as to achieve a longer driving range and reduce the frequency of charging. Any available space is conducive to the improvement of the power of the whole vehicle.Second, the impact of the location of the battery pack on the safety performance of the whole vehicle should be fully considered, especially in extreme cases such as collision, rollover, and fall. Will the battery pack catch fire and explode due to large acceleration or severe extrusion deformation, or will there be parts of the battery pack entering the passenger compartment and causing additional damage.Third, the impact of the weight and shape of the battery pack on the structural life of the whole vehicle should be fully considered, because the weight of the battery pack usually reaches hundreds of kilograms, which brings a large static load and dynamic load to the chassis and suspension of the whole vehicle. Under long-term vibration and impact conditions, it is easy to cause fatigue damage to the mechanical parts of the whole vehicle and reduce the life.Fourth, the heat dissipation conditions of the battery pack should be fully considered, especially under high temperature working conditions and high electrical load working conditions, the battery pack will generate a lot of heat. If the heat dissipation conditions are not ideal or it is close to the heat source, it will cause the battery pack life to decay faster.Fifth, the installation position of the battery pack in the vehicle will also affect the axle load distribution and center of gravity of the vehicle, and thus affect the driving experience and comfort of the vehicle.Bosa EnergyBosa Energy with 150GWH capacity and over 400,000 electric bus/utility vehicle application experience we are listing first 5 in China power battery industry. We cooperate with Yutong/Geely/Damiler etc.We are also offering Container ESS systems and delivered 5GWh ESS in 2023. In local market, we are offering OEM service for Changan, CALB, National grid, Ping Gao Electric , Xuji electronics, Ruineng electronics, they are our main Container ESS suppliers in China Market.We are the most professional supplier of marine lithium batteries in China, and our export volume of marine batteries consistently ranks among the top three in China; We are also the top 1 exporter of lithium battery modules in China, specializing in providing various lithium battery module solutions.For excellent quality and performance our products are popular in more than 30 countries in the world. We also have established warehouse in Germany and Netherlands to provide safety stock timely delivery for our customers.l Customized and Flexiblel High Delivery capacityl Wide Applicationsl Rich experience on Lithium battery pack

Project BackgroundThe client’s vehicle will be used as a two-in-one electrified tool, which can be used not only as an electric tractor but also as a backup power source for energy output.What do we provide to our customers?Our scope of supply is: batterysystem + reverse control integrated machineBattery system basic informationBosa Battery PackAdvantages of EV+Photovoltaic：①Reduce your home electricity bill②Energy Independence③Truly clean and zero-emissions.Bosa EnergyBosa Energy with 150GWH capacity and over 400,000 electric bus/utility vehicle application experience we are listing first 5 in China power battery industry, actually in  2023 we are the number 3 on li-ion cell delivery in China Market. We cooperate with Yutong/Geely/Damiler etc.We are also offering Container ESS systems and delivered 5GWh ESS in 2023. In local market, we are offering OEM service for Changan, CALB, National grid, Ping Gao Electric , Xuji electronics, Ruineng electronics, they are our main Container ESS suppliers in China Market.Our daily output capacity at present is 10Mwh and production capacity 20GWh;We are the most professional supplier of marine lithium batteries in China, and our export volume of marine batteries consistently ranks among the top three in China; We are also the top 1 exporter of lithium battery modules in China, specializing in providing various lithium battery module solutions.For excellent quality and performance our products are popular in more than 30 countries in the world. We also have established warehouse in Germany and Netherlands to provide safety stock timely delivery for our customers.l Customized and Flexiblel High Delivery capacityl Wide Applicationsl Rich experience on Lithium battery pack

The Rolls Royce Phantom series, as the flagship product of Rolls Royce cars, has undergone seven generations of evolution since the first Phantom was born in 1925. In 2017, the eighth generation Phantom was officially unveiled at the "Ultimate Masterpiece Exhibition of the Eighth Generation Phantom" in Mayfair, London. Every Phantom embodies the hard work and wisdom of Rolls Royce engineers and designers, using cutting-edge technology and high-quality materials to ensure both vehicle performance and comfort.  Until today, there are still a large number of Rolls Royce enthusiasts who are crazy about it. In order to meet the needs of the times, many people choose to use it better through modification, and lithium batteries play a very important role here.  We are pleased to see that BOSA’s 105Ah lithium battery module is used in the modification process of this Rolls Royce vintage car. The addition of lithium batteries can provide it with stronger power, allowing this vintage car to run on the road again.  Bosa EnergyBosa Energy with 150GWH capacity and over 400,000 electric bus/utility vehicle application experience we are listing first 5 in China power battery industry, actually in  2023 we are the number 3 on li-ion cell delivery in China Market. We cooperate with Yutong/Geely/Damiler etc. We are also offering Container ESS systems and delivered 5GWh ESS in 2023. In local market, we are offering OEM service for Changan, CALB, National grid, Ping Gao Electric , Xuji electronics, Ruineng electronics, they are our main Container ESS suppliers in China Market. Our daily output capacity at present is 10Mwh and production capacity 20GWh; We are the most professional supplier of marine lithium batteries in China, and our export volume of marine batteries consistently ranks among the top three in China; We are also the top 1 exporter of lithium battery modules in China, specializing in providing various lithium battery module solutions. For excellent quality and performance our products are popular in more than 30 countries in the world. We also have established warehouse in Germany and Netherlands to provide safety stock timely delivery for our customers. l Customized and Flexiblel High Delivery capacityl Wide Applicationsl Rich experience on Lithium battery pack 

1. Types of energy density① Mass energy density: refers to the energy stored per unit mass of the battery, the unit is Wh/kg② Volume energy density: refers to the energy stored per unit volume of the battery, the unit is Wh/L2. Factors affecting energy density① Battery materials: The properties of materials such as positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte directly affect the battery energy density.② Battery structure: The electrode structure, electrolyte structure, and battery packaging and integration technology will affect the energy density.③ Battery preparation process: The electrode preparation process, electrolyte preparation process, and battery assembly and packaging process also have an impact on the energy density.3. Methods to improve energy density① Improvement of electrolyte and diaphragm: optimize electrolyte performance and improve ion transmission efficiency.② Battery structure design: adopt flattened, thin-sheet design, or multi-electrode structure design, etc. ③ Manufacturing process optimization: reduce active material loss and improve battery capacity and energy efficiency by improving manufacturing process.4.Energy density type selectionWhich energy density to choose depends on the needs of the specific application scenario. If long battery life and light weight are required, then a battery with higher mass energy density will be a better choice. On the contrary, if you need to obtain maximum energy storage in a limited space, a battery with higher volume energy density will be more suitable.

1. The concept of lithium battery edge resistanceThe edge resistance of lithium batteries refers to the resistance of the internal materials and electrolytes of the battery to the discharge and charge of the battery. It reflects the electron conduction capacity inside the battery and directly affects important performance indicators such as the battery's power output, energy efficiency and charging time.2. Common phenomena of poor edge resistance and their causes① High resistance: Too high edge resistance is one of the common problems of lithium batteries. This may be caused by low electrolyte conductivity, poor material conductivity, large contact resistance or unreasonable internal structure of the battery.② Unstable resistance: The instability of edge resistance may be caused by factors such as expansion and contraction of electrode materials, decomposition of electrolyte or passivation of electrode surface.③ Excessive local resistance: In lithium batteries, local resistance may be too high, which is usually caused by defects or short circuits in certain areas inside the battery.④ Increased contact resistance: The increase in contact resistance may be caused by poor contact between electrode and electrolyte, contamination or corrosion of electrode surface.4. Solutions to poor edge resistance① Optimize electrolyte formula: Select electrolyte with high conductivity and optimize its composition and concentration to improve the conductivity of electrolyte.② Improve material conductivity: Use positive and negative electrode materials with better conductivity, or improve the conductivity of materials through surface treatment and other methods. ③ Reduce contact resistance: Ensure good contact between the electrode and the electrolyte. The contact resistance can be reduced by optimizing the electrode structure design, improving the electrode surface treatment, etc. ④ Optimize the internal structure of the battery: Rationally design the structure of the battery, reduce the distance between the electrodes, and optimize the diffusion path of the electrolyte to reduce the internal resistance of the battery. ⑤ Quality control and testing: During the production process, strengthen quality control, conduct strict resistance tests on the battery, and promptly discover and eliminate products with poor edge resistance.