Definition of power batteries and energy storage batteries

Energy storage batteries are battery systems used to store electrical energy. They are able to convert electrical energy into chemical energy, store the charge in the battery, and then release it when needed. Energy storage batteries are usually designed for long-term energy storage and charging and discharging, and play an important role in grid dispatching, peak load reduction, and power management. The key features of energy storage batteries are high capacity, long cycle life, and stable performance.

Power batteries are specifically used to provide the power required by electric vehicles. They need to have high energy density and high power output to meet the requirements of electric vehicles for acceleration performance and mileage. The design of power batteries focuses on improving the battery's charging speed, discharge speed, and cycle life. At the same time, safety is also an important aspect of power batteries to ensure reliable operation under various conditions.

Differences in application scenarios

Energy storage batteries are widely used in power grid energy storage, household energy storage, industrial and commercial energy storage, communication base stations and other fields. The design requirements of energy storage batteries are mainly optimized for energy density and long-term storage to meet the needs of large capacity and long-lasting energy storage.

Power batteries are used in new energy passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, special vehicles, engineering machinery and equipment, ships, etc. Power batteries pay more attention to power density and short-term high power output to meet the needs of electric vehicles for fast acceleration and long mileage. Compared with energy storage batteries, power batteries have higher requirements for energy density and power density. Furthermore, because power batteries are limited by the size and weight of the car and the acceleration at startup, power batteries have higher performance requirements than ordinary energy storage batteries.

Differences in system composition

The power battery PACK is basically composed of the following five systems: battery module, BMS, thermal management system, electrical system and structural system.

The energy storage battery system is mainly composed of battery packs, BMS, EMS, PCS and other electrical equipment.

Differences in battery management

As the core component of the battery system, BMS determines whether the various components and functions of the battery pack can be coordinated and consistent, and is directly related to whether the battery pack can safely and reliably provide power output for electric vehicles.

The energy storage battery management system is similar to the power battery management system, but the power battery system is in high-speed electric vehicles, and has higher requirements for the power response speed and power characteristics of the battery, the SOC estimation accuracy, and the number of state parameter calculations. The relevant adjustment functions also need to be implemented through BMS.

Can energy storage batteries and power batteries be mixed?

Energy storage batteries cannot be used in electric vehicles. There are different rates, internal resistances, capacities, and voltages between the two. Energy storage batteries generally have lower power density.

Power lithium batteries can be used as energy storage batteries, but both power batteries and power control systems have high cost factors, which will lead to less than ideal economic benefits.

It is understood that energy storage lithium batteries also have power types, such as those that support a stable current discharge capacity of about 5C and are widely used in frequency modulation. Some companies will reuse retired power batteries as energy storage batteries for household storage and mobile energy storage.